Energy is a critical input required for development. Fossil fuel reserves in the country are limited and there is a need to develop viable cost effective alternatives. Renewable and Nuclear Energy can provide possible long-term solutions for the energy problems. There are problems in the large-scale development and deployment of these alternatives that need to be addressed. In the short run, India has to aggressively pursue energy efficiency and Demand Side Management to improve the efficiency of supply and utilization devices and systems. The development of new energy technologies provides technological challenges as well as significant business opportunity. In order to help meet this challenge, the Energy Systems Engineering (ESE) interdisciplinary programme was established in 1981. There is a requirement for high quality trained manpower in the energy sector. This also provides scope for engineering innovators/entrepreneurs. In 2007, the Energy Systems Engineering programme was upgraded to a new Department of Energy Science and Engineering (DESE) with a mission to develop sustainable energy systems and solutions for the future. The Department of Energy Science and Engineering offers M. Tech. programme in Energy Systems Engineering. This has a mix of compulsory courses and elective courses that can be chosen according to the specialization and interest of the students. The ESE programme has two laboratories (Solar Energy and Energy Systems Laboratory) and a computational facility. In addition to this, DESE students are actively involved in the research and development activities of the Thermal Hydraulics facility, Gasification Laboratory, Heat Pump Laboratory (Mechanical Engineering), Power Electronics and Power Systems Laboratory. DESE faculty has been organizing several Continuing Education Programmes on a continuous basis on Renewable Energy, Energy Management, Process Integration, Solar Passive Architecture and have initiated a series of programmes for the Nuclear Power Corporation. DESE has established linkages with industries like Thermax, Forbes Marshall, BSES, Mahindra & Mahindra, BHEL and organizations like Atomic Energy Regulatory Board, Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory commission (MERC), International Energy Initiative and The Energy and Resource Institute which have sponsored M.Tech/Ph.D projects. This has ensured the relevance of the ESE research output.